Neonatology and Perinatology

Biography

Biography: Ida Fidelis Denosta

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to determine the maternal risk factors associated with the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
Design: A retrospective cohort study.
Setting: The study was done in a tertiary government hospital.
Patients: This study included admitted premature neonates in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who underwent ROP screening. All patients with congenital abnormality of the eyes were excluded in the study.
Methodology: List of admitted premature patients who underwent ROP screening was collected within the study period. Demographic data was collected from the patient’s medical records.
Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics were presented for categorical outcome measures. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare two averages. Chi-square test, Yates’ chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare proportions.
Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to estimate crude and adjusted odds-ratios, corresponding 95% CI and based on p-value ≤ 0.05 statistical significance.
Results: This study showed 57% cases of ROP, majority with Stage 1 (66%), mostly female infants (53.4%; p<0.001), mildly asphyxiated (51.2%, p=0.290; 77.2%, p=0.117) and were small for gestational age (57.3%; p<0.001). On the average, these infants underwent 1 day of either invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation, 2 days with FiO2 of >0.5 liters per minute, had two blood transfusions, and with shorter hospital stay (17 vs 26 days; p<0.001). The average age of mothers who delivered infants with ROP was 26 years old, multipara (59.2%), and underwent normal spontaneous delivery (67%). About half reported adequate prenatal check-ups (53.8%), and diagnosed with urinary tract infection (40.1%).
Conclusions: Data showed that mothers with urinary tract infection and preeclampsia are more likely to deliver infants with retinopathy of prematurity thus a significant maternal risk factors of ROP.